Scientific Calculator

A scientific calculator is a tool designed for math and science that goes beyond basic arithmetic. It handles trigonometric functions (sine, cosine, tangent) and their inverses, logarithms (natural and base-10), exponents and roots, factorials, and constants like pi and Euler's number e. Our free online version is modeled after the Casio fx-991 layout, with an INV toggle for inverse functions, persistent calculation history, and full keyboard support.

This calculator is powered by mathjs, an open-source math library that provides safe, precise expression evaluation without relying on JavaScript's built-in eval. It supports complex expressions with nested parentheses, implicit multiplication, and scientific notation out of the box.

Step 1: Enter your expression. Type numbers and operations using the on-screen buttons or your keyboard. You can build complex expressions with parentheses, like sin(45) + log(100). The display shows your expression on the top line and the live result on the bottom line, updating as you type.

Step 2: Calculate. Press Enter or click the equals button to finalize the result and add it to your history. The result replaces the expression on the display, ready for the next calculation.

Step 3: Chain calculations. After pressing equals, use ANS to reference the previous result in a new expression. Or simply type an operator to continue building on the result. Use memory functions (MS to store, MR to recall, M+ and M− to adjust) for values you need across multiple calculations.

Step 4: Review history. Click the History button at the bottom of the calculator to open the history panel. Click any previous calculation to load its result. History is saved to your browser and persists between visits.

Complete scientific function library. Includes sine, cosine, and tangent with their inverses (toggled via INV), natural and base-10 logarithms with their inverses (eˣ and 10ˣ), squares, cubes, arbitrary powers, square roots, cube roots, nth roots, factorials, absolute value, and constants pi and e. Supports both degree and radian angle modes.

Casio-style button layout. Eight rows of six columns, organized the way you expect from a physical scientific calculator. Scientific functions are in the top rows, number pad and operators in the lower rows, with DEL and AC for editing. The INV button swaps functions with their inverses, just like a Casio fx-991.

Persistent calculation history. Every finalized calculation is saved to a scrollable history panel and persists in your browser's localStorage between visits. Click any entry to load its result into the calculator. Stores up to 50 calculations.

Full keyboard support. Type numbers, operators, and parentheses directly from your keyboard. Press Enter to calculate, Escape to clear, and Backspace to delete. The calculator captures all standard math keys for fast input without touching the mouse.

Trigonometric functions (sin, cos, tan) calculate relationships between angles and sides of triangles. In degree mode, sin(90) returns 1. Their inverses (sin⁻¹, cos⁻¹, tan⁻¹), accessed via INV, convert ratios back to angles. These are essential for physics, engineering, and geometry problems.

Logarithms answer the question: what exponent produces this number? The natural log (ln) uses base e and appears throughout calculus and continuous growth models. The common log (log) uses base 10 and is used in chemistry (pH), acoustics (decibels), and seismology (Richter scale). Use INV to access 10ˣ and eˣ.

Exponents and roots let you raise numbers to powers (x², x³, xʸ) and find roots (√, ³√, ⁿ√). These operations are inverses of each other: if 3² equals 9, then √9 equals 3. Use INV to swap between power and root functions. They are fundamental to algebra, physics, and compound interest calculations.

Factorials and absolute value. The factorial n! computes the product of all positive integers up to n and is used in probability and combinatorics. The absolute value |x| returns the non-negative magnitude of a number, used in distance calculations and error analysis.